From $1.13. It is usually shown as a right hand, but is sometimes a left hand, such as in the coats of arms of baronets. The Red Hand can be regarded as one of the very few cross-community symbols used in Northern Ireland. It is still used extensively but unofficially by Protestants. Perhaps the best known were the Ulster Red Branch Knights, or the Craobh Radh. Get link; Facebook; Twitter; Pinterest; Email; Other Apps; October 04, 2021 After Ulster Awake ceased regular updates a couple of years back it has been decided to again resume publishing updates and news from a British Racial Nationalist perspective particularly relevant to an . However, after Thomas was brought to an abandoned field for execution, one of the members intervened by shooting the other two, sparing Thomas in the process. Hello, sign in. Help for Today, Hope for Tomorrow| Learn more With a UCG.org account you will be able to save items to read and study later! 25 August 1993: The RHC announced that it would attack bars or hotels where. It is reported that Ulster's emblem prior to the division of Ireland in 1920, when most of Ulster became the British state of Northern Ireland, was a blood-red hand circled by a scarlet cord. The former flag of the Northern Ireland government (19531972), Badge worn by baronets of the United Kingdom. We reflect with honour on those from our organisation who made the ultimate sacrifice; those who endured long years of incarceration and the loyal families who shared their suffering and supported them throughout. "But why do you hate him?" Bennett states that, "the ancient and traditional emblem of Ulster was and still is a Red Hand circled by a Scarlet Cord". He's a man, he's a guru' This sort of has a certain amount of ambiguity if this person is God or Satan. Plaque, Ulster Bank, Omagh - geograph.org.uk - 1000400.jpg 640 464; 51 KB Red hand of Ulster.svg 96 176; 8 KB RedHandOfUlster DexterHand.png 800 800; 40 KB In the course of time, the seed of the Judah-Zarah line reached Ireland and became the Royal ruling head in Ulster. After security forces evacuated nearby families from the area, British Army engineers successfully neutralised the bomb via a controlled detonation. Set in post- World War I Birmingham, it centres around the Irish Traveller - Romani Shelby family, whose men have returned from the Great War and begun to build up their street gang into a criminal empire. It is an open hand coloured red, with the fingers pointing upwards, the thumb held parallel to the fingers, and the palm facing forward. Coat of arms of Galicia in Sammelband mehrerer Wappenbcher, c. 1530. Clann Cholmin etc.).[2]. 23 August 1994: The RHC shot and seriously injured a Protestant workman, mistaken for a Catholic, in Rathcoole in Newtownabbey, County Antrim. He told the New York Post: "The lyrics conjure up our industrial landscape and the tall handsome man could, of course, be Tommy Shelby. the red hand appears on nationalist/catholic and unionist/protestant flags and symbols, but in the context of violence it was the name of a loyalist/protestant paramilitary group All volunteers are further encouraged to show support for credible restorative justice projects so that they, with their respective communities, may help to eradicate criminality and anti-social behaviour in our society. To consolidate this fundamental change in outlook we have addressed the methodology of transformation from military to civilian organisation by implementing the following measures in every operational and command area. Earned the Beer of the World (Level 20) badge! Six Catholic civilians were killed. THE red hand symbol is a common sight across Northern Ireland and is used by nationalists and unionists alike. The flag of the Northern Ireland parliament (19531972), Badge worn by baronets of the United Kingdom, Seal with left hand for the Curtius baronets, Republican National Graves Association, Belfast, Arms of O'Neill Hall at the University of Notre Dame, Arms of McCartan, a branch of the Magennis, "Red Hand" redirects here. [23][24] The O'Neills believed in the Middle Ages that a messianic 'red handed' king called Aodh Eangach would come to lead them and drive the English out of Ireland. [21] Another historian, F. J. Elworthy, according to Bigger, conclusively proved the ancient character and widespread usage of the symbol amongst early pagan civilisations. Strengthening the identification with Zerah is the fact that the Milesians rulers who assumed the Irish throne were known as the people of the "Red Hand." Directors Eshom Nelms Ian Nelms Writer Jonathan Easley Stars Brian Geraghty Andie MacDowell Orlando Bloom Red Right Hand. Click Here to go to the Personal Histories page. C $21.33. [14] The RHC agreed in 1972 to become an integral part of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). The Red Right Hand are well-trained members of the Ulster Volunteer Force. Belfast Books Thanks for promoting my bookmate. One had his hand cut off by the other, and a red imprint of the hand was left on the rocks. Red Hand Mask-Supporting Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women - Handmade sewwhatkatdesigns (624) $15.00 Vintage Jamaica Souvenir Towel Hand Towel Teal Aqua Black Brown Ulster Irish Linen Free US Shipping 046 RagzandRelics (160) $13.00 FREE shipping GENUINE Cork Red Marble/Ulster White Marble Hand Carved Worry Stones Guaranteed Irish CONNEMARASHOP Some think that the problem has gone beyond religious or political loyalties. Account & Lists Returns & Orders. June 1973: The RHC attempted to kill four Catholic youths in a drive-by shooting on the Antrim Road, Belfast. It features a yellow field with red cross, white shield and red right hand of Ulster. The significance of this point is that it offers a way of distinguishing between the rival representations. [2] The Red Hand Commando carried out shootings and bombings, primarily targeting Catholic civilians. [9] However an alleged senior member of the organisation from East Belfast was charged with membership in 1983 after boasting to UVF man (and later supergrass) John Gibson that he was second-in-command in the area. Change). [spelled out in full in the magazine] Cries of "kick the Pope" punctuated the singing, sounding more like a football chant than a call to violence. [26] They also suggest that the Creb Ruad (Red Branch) of ancient Ulaid may actually come from crob and ruadh (red hand). [50] Such baronets may also display the Red Hand of Ulster on its own as a badge, suspended by a ribbon below the shield of arms. By AntiquePatriot. pubs) the group believed to be frequented by Catholics. We welcome recent developments in securing stable, durable democratic structures in Northern Ireland and accept as significant, support by the mainstream republican movement of the constitutional status quo. I persisted. 13 March 1972: The RHC shot dead a Catholic civilian (Patrick McCrory) at his home on Ravenhill Avenue, Belfast. The song has its own life, now., News Group Newspapers Limited in England No. Also, The Children of Israel in their passage through the Red Sea gave the power and glory for their deliverance to the Right Hand of God (Exodus 15:6): It is also used by many other official and non-official organisations throughout the province of Ulster and Ireland. Being seen as a threat to the English invaders, playing the harp was . Bands played Loyalist tunes; the big Scottish Lambeg drums were stained with the blood of the drummers' wrists. Red Right Hand: A Story of the Mythos War by Levi Black (English) Paperback Book. Irish Transport and General Workers Union, Statistical breakdown of deaths in the Troubles of Northern Ireland 1969 2001, Irish National Liberation Army ( I.N.L.A), Irish Republican Army. In June 1922, Chief Inspector Campbell hired the Red Right Hand in an attempt to execute Thomas Shelby. You can see this on a small scale at places like Cranston." $16.99. In fact, the Red Hand appears even today on the official flag of Northern Ireland and on the coats of arms of many Irish and Scottish clans. Due to its roots as a Gaelic Irish symbol, nationalist/republican groups have used (and continue to use) it for example the republican Irish Citizen Army, the republican National Graves Association, Belfast, the Irish Transport and General Workers Union, the Ulster GAA association along with numerous GAA clubs in Ulster as well as Ulster Rugby and the Ulster Hockey Union. 19 December 1975: A car bomb exploded without warning at Kay's Tavern in, 2 May 1976: The RHC shot dead a Catholic civilian (, 2 June 1976: The RHC shot dead a Protestant civilian (David Spratt) at a house in. By morning the fire had burned down to a few sparks, a wisp of smoke, and a large pile of ashes. Image: Details: Title: St. George's Cross Description: The Cross of St. George, the Patron Saint of England, is the national English flag.This flag has been used to form the basis of a number of flags representing Northern Ireland (see below). From WORLDVIEW Magazine: "Patricia Moir traveled through Ireland in 1975 under the auspices of the Chinook Learning Community. Following the group's formation in 1970, RHC attacks usually took the form of random drive-by shootings targeting assumed Catholic civilians and no-warning bombs left at social spots (e.g. The field looked like the aftermath of a battle, littered as it was with the crumpled bodies of exhausted men. This book was converted from its physical edition to the digital format by a community of volunteers. In doing so we reaffirm the legitimacy of our tactical response to violent nationalism yet reiterate the sincere expression of abject and true remorse to all innocent victims of the conflict. "[citation needed], The Red Hand Commando was the only major loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland not to have its ranks heavily penetrated by a so-called supergrass or informant during the early 1980s; this was attributed to the group's secrecy (described as an "enigma") and opaque structure. The hit BBC drama uses the Nick Cave track as its opening song, which describes "a tall handsome man" who is "in a dusty black coat"as he arrives during a "gathering storm". The famous uplifted red right hand is a clear symbol of Judah. Her account of that summer shows a vicious cycle of everyday brutalization and bigotry, handed down from generation to generation. To find out more about the cookies we use, see our Privacy Policy. It is shown in two forms, as a dexter (right) hand (used as a symbol in Ulster) and a hand baring a blue or red sinister looking cross (used in the coats of arms of baronets). [42] Hands feature prominently in Dermot O'Connor's 18th-century publication "Blazons and Irish Heraldic Terminology", with the Fearghail sept bearing the motto Lmh dhearg air chlogad lptha. And so it was, when she was giving birth, that the one put out his hand; and the midwife took a scarlet thread and bound it on his hand, saying, "This one came out first." (RED HAND of Ulster) Then it happened, as he drew back his hand, that his brother came out unexpectedly; and she said, "How did you break through? The exclusive rights to the use of the Red Hand symbol has proved a matter of debate over the centuries, primarily whether it belonged to the O'Neills or the Magennises. 917-742-2113 She is a freelance writer and is on the staff of the Community Crime Prevention Program in Seattle.". Free essays, homework help, flashcards, research papers, book reports, term papers, history, science, politics "We've always burned him," she repeated. 7 April 1994: A Protestant woman (Margaret Wright) was found dead at the back of an abandoned house on Donegall Avenue, Belfast. See also Came Back Wrong. He died three days later. 7 May 1993: The RHC carried out an arson attack on a GAA club at Ballycran, County Down. Select the department you want to search in. 8 February 1972: The RHC claimed responsibility for killing Bernard Rice, a member of the. However, it has also been used by other Irish clans across the island, including the Connachta, the ruling families of western Connacht (e.g. OByrne uses it to present Ulster Gaelic-Catholic culture (as represented by the ONeills) as in touch with the mainstream of European civilisation, throughout which the dextera Dei symbol was in common use, while the left-hand version over the Ulster Hall, derived from the recently manufactured legend, is presented as the bar sinister marking the fundamental illegitimacy of the unionist/planter presence. 28 July 1972: The RHC attempted to kill a Catholic civilian from a passing car on Upper Library Street, Belfast. [21] Aboriginal Australians revered the hands of their deceased chieftains. A few preferred to ignore the conflict, clicking off the news when violence was mentioned and insisting that things were "not that bad." 6 November 1992: The RHC claimed responsibility for shooting and wounding a security guard at the Mater Hospital in North Belfast. The Red Hand of Ulster ( Irish: Lmh Dhearg Uladh) is an Irish Gaelic symbol used in heraldry[1] to denote the Irish province of Ulster. For other inquiries, Contact Us. Moreover, we state unequivocally, that any volunteer engaged in criminality does so in direct contravention of brigade command and thus we welcome any recourse through due process of law. This breach be upon you!" Concessionaires sold "poke cones" and patriots hawked the Red Hand of Ulster, printed on cardboard and stapled to red and blue ribbon like a country fair prize. This she said very sunnily. It is reported that Ulsters emblem prior to the division of Ireland in 1920, when most of Ulster became the British state of Northern Ireland, was a blood-red hand circled by a scarlet cord. The O'Neills became the chief dynasty of the Cenl nEgain of the Northern U Nill and later the kings of Ulster, whilst the Magennises were the ruling dynasty of the U Eachach Cobo, the chief dynasty of the Cruthin of Ulaid,[13] and also head of the Clanna Rudraige. I dont want to know the details, and Id never ask Nick. It's hard to imagine a better or more . the O'Flahertys and McHughs) and the Southern U Nill . Such baronets may also display the Red Hand of Ulster on its own as a badge, suspended by a ribbon below the shield of arms. Right Red Hand. Bigger as representing the old-world figurative expression of signifying strength and power, and such hand symbols can be found in ancient civilisations including amongst others the Assyrians, Babylonians, Carthaginians, Chaldeans and Phoenicians. [5] RHC violence intensified in the years leading up to the 1994 Loyalist ceasefire, although never claiming as many victims as it did in the 1970s. The RHC made a statement that it would transform to a "non-military, civilianised" organisation. According to some versions of the story, the king who cut off his hand belonged to the U Nill clan, which apparently explains its association with them. This was first introduced when. If this appearance carries discolored veins, it's Tainted Veins. The following is a timeline of RHC attacks, and attacks in which RHC members were killed: In October 1994, the Combined Loyalist Military Command (CLMC) declared a ceasefire on behalf of all loyalist paramilitary groups. 2 October 1988: The RHC fired twenty shots at the home of a former INLA member in the Ormeau Road area of Belfast. If a Red Hand is left, it is likely to have been inspired by the legend; if it is a right hand, it is more likely to be the dextera Dei. Nobody likes baronets, after all. The Red Right Hand refers to the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) or similar groups that were essentially Unionist paramilitary groups similar to the IRA (but obviously with differing ideologies). Red Hand of Ulster Sticker. Munster held on to beat Northampton 27-23 in a nail-biting second half in the Heineken Champions Cup at Thomond Park, despite playing for 57 minutes a man down due to Jack O'Donoghue's red card. According to one myth, the kingdom of Ulster had at one time no rightful heir. It was targeted for selling, 28 September 1992: The "Red Branch Knights" (believed to be linked to the RHC) claimed responsibility for six. "After two years," signed the mother, "it was so nice to start going downtown again." The Red Hand of Ulster seems to appear on several flags and murals. The Red Hand Commando[1] (RHC) is a small Ulster loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland that is closely linked to the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF). (The practice has since been stopped and the detainees released.) And in allusion to that terrible cognizancethe battle cry of Lamh dearg abu! Bigger notes the use of a right hand by the O'Neills around 1335, and surmises that it may have been for them a symbol signifying divine assistance and strength, whilst also suggesting that the ancient Phoenicians may have brought the symbol to Ireland. Coat of arms of Galicia in Hofkleiderbuch, 15081551. 9 Dec 22 View Detailed Check-in 1 andrewhite is drinking a Red Right Hand by Brehon Brewhouse Red Right Hand was written in 1994 and was written by Nick, 62, and his Bad Seeds bandmates Mick Harvey and Thomas Wydler. The organisation was reportedly considered "extinct" by 1988,[18] although it was also described as "largely intact" and capable of violence in 1984. So a red right hand I think means a person could "red handed" using the hand tradionally thought of as the moral hand. [6][7][8], Writing in early 1973, Martin Dillon characterized the Red Hand Commando thus: "the composition of this group was highly selective, and it was very secret in its operations. Moir spent the summer living in a Protestant housing estate in Belfast, where she organized a recreation program for the children. It is shown in two forms, as a dexter ( right ) hand (used as a symbol in Ulster ) and a hand baring a blue or > red sinister looking cross (used in the coats of arms of baronets). All recruitment has ceased; military training has ceased; targeting has ceased and all intelligence rendered obsolete; all active service units have been de-activated; all ordinance has been put beyond reach and the IICD instructed accordingly. [21], The Dextera Dei is suggested by Francis J. "Look at the wee dog. 29 January 1982: RHC founder John McKeague was shot dead at his shop on Albertbridge Road, Belfast. 6 William Malloy The Red Hand is first documented in surviving records in the 13th century, where it was used by the Hiberno-Norman de Burgh earls of Ulster. 20 February 1974: RHC members beat and stabbed a "fellow Loyalist" (John Thompson) to death, he was founded dead on the Ormeau Road, Belfast. (Red Hand to victory!) It is shown in two forms, as a dexter (right) hand (used as a symbol in Ulster) and a hand baring a blue or red sinister looking cross (used in the coats of arms of baronets ). The form in common use in Ulster today is an open right hand coloured red, with the fingers pointing upwards, the thumb held parallel to the fingers, and the palm facing forward. Indeed, when viewed in conjunction with the Red Hand, might not the Red Branch represent the Zerah branch of Judahs family? that the Red Hand goes back to biblical time; when the twin sons were being born to Judah" (David Hume, "Did a Lost Tribe of Israel Land at Carrickfergus?," Larne Times, Dec. 24, 1986). If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. PrivacyPolicyTerms ofUse. 9. Indeed, the scarlet thread tied around Zerahs hand would seem rather likely to be the origin of this emblem. 1809 Thomas 'the Chevalier' O'Gorman, officer in Louis XV's Irish Brigade, wine merchant and manuscript collector who lost his extensive French estates during the Revolution, died in his native County Clare. 17 February 1993: The RHC claimed responsibility for shooting into the home of a Catholic man in. Following a direct engagement with all the units and departments of our organisation, the leadership of the Ulster Volunteer Force and Red Hand Commando today make public the outcome of our three year consultation process. The Red Hand is present in the arms of a number of Ulster's counties, such as Antrim, Cavan, Londonderry, Monaghan and Tyrone. The Saint Patrick's Flag has been used unofficially to represent Northern Ireland since 1780. The most common heraldic shield in Galicia, as an autonomous region or as a kingdom, is a grail with crosses or shamrocks from the 13th century to the present day. She scrunched her forehead a bit. By amouranthlezhin. Ann Ogilbys brutal murder: Forgotten victims of theTroubles, Kriss Donald The Brutal Racist Killing of an InnocentSchoolboy. 1 September 1993: The RHC claimed responsibility for shooting two Catholic civilians in Shore Crescent, Belfast. For further details of our complaints policy and to make a complaint please click this link: thesun.co.uk/editorial-complaints/, Peaky Blinders' creator has revealed the hidden meaning behind the show's theme song Red Right Hand and its linked to Tommy Shelby, Red Right Hand is by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, The track has been used ever since the show began in 2013, Writer Steven Knight said it was originally only supposed to be used once but he loved it so much he made it the theme song, Peaky Blinders creator reveals hidden meaning behind theme song Red Right Hand and its links to Tommy Shelby, Match of the Day prankster Dan Jarvis who tricked Gary Lineker with porn noise reveals how he did it, Julian Sands missing: Urgent hunt for A Room with a View star, 65, who vanished on hike with one other man, Gary Lineker laughs off Match of the Day 'porn noise' scandal & enjoyed half-time analysis with sex-filled innuendo, BBC show scrapped under mysterious circumstances leaving TV insiders scratching their heads, ITV officially announce middle-aged Love Island spin off for 'single parents' and reveal first look at 'villa', Booze prices to be slashed after Brexit means bonkers EU rules are axed, If Prince Harry's incredibly stupid Taliban boast puts lives in danger he will blame anyone but himself again, Americans turn on Prince Harry and Meghan Markle as popularity plummets in opinion poll, Exact time you should drink coffee to stay alert all day - it's later than you think, Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO). The right hand is tradionally considered the good hand. [21] The form and position of the Kells Dextera Dei is of a pattern usually found on the Continent, whereas that used at Monasterboice and Clonmacnoise appears to unique within Christendom. [12], Much of the group's past is unknown. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. There is an interesting discussion of this point in the chapter on The Red Hand of the ONeills in As I Roved Out by the Belfast Catholic-romantic antiquarian Cathal OByrne (Belfast, 1946; new edition, 1982; pp 3403). It may be due to the phonetic similarity between Gaelic and Galician ('canting arms' used to do this deliberately or by confusion, such as Galice-Calice or D'Aragn-Dragn), or by the assimilation of the Galician people with the Milesians (people of Breogn). [27] As a result, the warriors rushed towards land with one chopping off his hand and throwing it over his comrades and thus winning the land. "Even better than Christmas," some of the children told me. It was afterwards adopted by the O'Neills when they assumed the ancient kingship of Ulster, inventing the title Rex Ultonie (king of Ulster) for themselves in 1317 and then claiming it unopposed from 1345 onwards. Appendix 5: "Brutus and the Covenant Land", The Throne of Britain: Its Biblical Origin and Future. Orange Lodges from all over Britain and as far away as Canada marched a thirty-mile round trip to a field outside Belfast. However, as a satellite grouping of the UVF, attacks carried out by the RHC have been in some cases attributed to the UVF; per other sources the RHC has killed at least 40 people.[4][3][19][17]. Arriving here, these settlers may have sailed up the Ebro River and, upon its banks, founded the city of Saragossawhich some have identified as Hebrew Zerah-gaza, meaning "stronghold of Zerah.". The Red Hand of Ulster (in Irish: Lmh Dhearg Uladh) is a symbol used in heraldry [1] to denote the Irish province of Ulster. The anti-internment sentiment was expressed most strongly in the Catholic areas, where people paraded to demonstrate support for "the men behind the wire." Commensurate with these developments, as of 12 midnight, Thursday 3 May 2007, the Ulster Volunteer Force and Red Hand Commando will assume a non-military, civilianised, role. However, it has also been used by other Irish clans across the island, including the Connachta, the ruling families of western Connacht (e.g. [49] The left-hand version has also been used by the Irish National Foresters, the Irish Citizen Army and the Federated Workers' Union of Ireland. Answer (1 of 6): Those involved in the bardic dispute of 1689 claimed that the Red Hand symbol came from a legendary ancestor who put his bloodstained hand on a banner after victory in battle: * Diarmaid Mac an Bhaird claimed that Conall Cernach (a mythical Ulaid hero from the Ulster Cycle) put. One is religious, referring to the hand of God (His right, invariably), a meaning mentioned in Milton's Paradise Lost and a Nick Cave song, Red Right Hand, among other places. Other names for the same flag: The Ulster Banner or Ulster Flag (Six Counties) or Red Hand of Ulster. The Red Hand symbol is believed to have been used by the U Nill clan during its Nine Years War (15941603) against the spread of English control. I asked a UDA man. "Why do you hate him?" 26 March 1973: The RHC bombed the Catholic-owned Hillfoot Bar in east Belfast. 25 September 1974: The RHC shot dead a Catholic civilian (Kieran McIlroy) after he left work in Parkend Street off Limestone Road, Belfast. In June 1922, Chief Inspector Campbell hired the Red Right Hand in an attempt to execute Thomas Shelby. The Independent International Commission on Decommissioning (IICD) stated that this statement was "unacceptable. in a dusty black coat with a red right hand. Red Right Hand was written in 1994 and was written by Nick, 62, and his Bad Seeds bandmates Mick Harvey and Thomas Wydler. The Ui Neills ancient symbol of the Red Hand doubtless stems from this concept" (p. 25). Although I met Protestants who wouldn't dream of going to the Orange Parades or the bonfires, at Cranston the 12th was a great day. The RHC claimed it was retaliation for the killing of a British soldier in the area two days before. 12 November 1971: The RHC carried out a bomb attack on the Frederick Inn pub on Frederick Street, Belfast. The Red Hand of Ulster ( Irish: Lmh Dhearg Uladh) is a symbol used in heraldry [1] to represent the Irish province of Ulster. It signified that they were a great warrior, their hand being red with the blood of their enemies. And still other Trojans appear to have traveled westeven all the way to Spain and France, some of them eventually migrating to Britain (see Appendix 5: "Brutus and the Covenant Land"). [2] 16 March 1975: The RHC was suspected by police to be responsible for a bomb that killed an RUC constable (Mildred Harrison) after exploding outside a Catholic-owned pub in Bangor, County Down. We have taken the above measures in an earnest attempt to augment the return of accountable democracy to the people of Northern Ireland and as such, to engender confidence that the constitutional question has now been firmly settled. The Trojans were forced out of the Aegean region through a series of national conflictsone of which is presented to us in the famous Trojan War of Homers Iliad, which occurred around 1200 B.C. In fact, the legend is usually told as having the chieftain take his sword in his right hand and cut off his left hand (although the mural in your picture shows the severed hand as the right one). The left is thought of as the morally inferior one. Protestants, Catholics, soldiers, prisoners, and children revolve around the central and abiding prop, a merry-go-round. 15 April 1972: The RHC shot dead a Catholic civilian (Sean McConville, 17) from a passing car while he was walking along the Crumlin Road, Belfast. Regarding the story of Zerah, the Larne Times article continues: "The Red Hand of Ulster is thus claimed in some circles to be symbolic of this event, and also considered symbolic is the fact that the ancient Knights of Ulster were the most distinguished in the history of the island. (The other explanation, as outlined in the article, is that it represents the right hand of Goddextera Dei.) A cell was also allegedly based in County Tyrone, near Castlederg. Send inquiries regarding the operation of this Web site to webmaster@ucg.org. Ulster). Yet despite being responsible for half the civilian casualties of the current conflict and having subverted numerous political initiatives, such loyalist paramilitary organizations as the Ulster Defence Association, the Ulster Volunteer Force, and the Red Hand Commando have been little studied by scholars.

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